Next-Generation Hybrid Photonic–Electronic Architectures for Ultra-Fast and Energy-Efficient Intelligent Embedded Systems Using AI-Driven Photonic Design

Khushbu Yadav; Ekta Rai; Alok Mishra

doi:10.55524/ijirem.2026.13.2.17

Abstract

The recent development of data-intensive applications using artificial intelligence (AI) has exposed the fundamental flaws in traditional electronic computing designs, including latency, bandwidth constraints, and excessive power consumption. A possible paradigm that blends the adaptability and experience of electronic systems with the speed, parallelism, and minimal loss of photonics is hybrid photonic–electronic structures. With a focus on AI-driven photonic design techniques, this article provides an extensive analysis of next-generation hybrid architectures intended for intelligent embedded systems. We investigate electronic–photonic co-design techniques, silicon photonic integration, photonic neural networks, and system-level designs. Additionally, the use of AI to inverse photonic optimization and design is examined. When compared to traditional systems, its performance studies show notable gains in throughput, latency, and energy economy Future research opportunities for fully scaled photonic computer ecosystems are outlined, along with challenges including integration complexity, conversion overhead, and optical nonlinearity.

Keywords

Intelligent Embedded Systems, Optical Neural Networks, Photonic Integrated Circuits (PICs), AI Hardware, Neuromorphic Photonics

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Cites this article as

K. Yadav, E. Rai, A. Mishra, "Next-Generation Hybrid Photonic–Electronic Architectures for Ultra-Fast and Energy-Efficient Intelligent Embedded Systems Using AI-Driven Photonic Design", International Journal of Innovative Research in Engineering and Management (IJIREM), Vol-13, Issue-2, Page No-125-134, 2026. Available from: https://doi.org/10.55524/ijirem.2026.13.2.17

Corresponding Author

Khushbu Yadav

M. Tech Scholar, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Rameshwaram Institute of Technology & Management, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India