Evaluation of Horizontal and Vertical Accuracies of SRTM and ASTER GDEMs for Topographic and Hydrological Modeling in Onitsha, South East Nigeria

Ejikeme, J.O; Igbokwe, J.I; Igbokwe, E.C; Aweh, D.S

doi:10.21276/ijirem.2017.4.2.5

Abstract

Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) are essential in the analysis and modeling of different topographical, hydrological and ecological phenomena on the Earth surface. The Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) DEM and Advanced Space borne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) Global Digital Elevation Model (GDEM) are the most widely available global digital elevation model (DEM) dataset. In Nigeria, due to the lack of up-to-date topographic map and high cost of obtaining elevation data using conventional techniques, Map users often resort to the use of these freely available global datasets for their topographic information. However, the vertical accuracy of these global DEM varies depending on the terrain characteristics and land cover types, and may affect the quality of products such as slope, aspect and stream channels derived from these data needed for topographic and hydrologic modeling. This study deals on a comparative analysis of SRTM and ASTER GDEM version1 and version2 in topographical and hydrological modeling of Onitsha and environs using 1:50000 topographic map of the study area as the reference DEM. The validity of the topographic map was confirmed on the ground. The contour lines of the topographic map were digitized and their equivalent values used to generate the topographic DEM. The vertical and horizontal accuracies of the global datasets were evaluated using the reference topographic DEM. The results showed that ASTER ver1 has a vertical accuracy of 13.987m while that of ASTER ver2 is 12.558m. SRTM has a vertical accuracy of 14.125m. Horizontal accuracy of 18.240m and 27.341m was obtained for ASTER ver1 and ASTER ver2 respectively. Horizontal accuracy of 27.092m was obtained for SRTM. The study recommends the use of SRTM for topographic and hydrologic modeling of Onitsha and Environs and other areas of similar topography representation.

Keywords

Accuracy, SRTM, ASTER GDEM, Hydrological Modeling,

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Cites this article as

E. J. , I. J. , I. E. , A. D.S, "Evaluation of Horizontal and Vertical Accuracies of SRTM and ASTER GDEMs for Topographic and Hydrological Modeling in Onitsha, South East Nigeria", International Journal of Innovative Research in Engineering & Management (IJIREM), Vol-4, Issue-2, Page No-634-643, 2017. Available from:

Corresponding Author

Ejikeme, J.O

Department of Surveying and Geoinformatics, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria

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Evaluation of Horizontal and Vertical Accuracies of SRTM and ASTER GDEMs for Topographic and Hydrological Modeling in Onitsha, South East Nigeria

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